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Wrongful Dismissal Costs: Which Party "Won"?

The general rule of litigation costs in Canada is that the 'unsuccessful' party is presumptively required to contribute to the costs of the 'successful' party. However, in complex litigation, often a party might be successful on some issues, and unsuccessful in others.  In cases where the result is 'divided', there is frequently a dispute as to the relative importance and complexity (and cost) of the different issues. Still, the truest measure of which party was 'successful' has always been with reference to settlement positions.  While it is improper to advise the court of settlement positions prior to the court determining the merits, once the court has made its decision, it is normal and appropriate for the parties to tell the court what settlement positions they took before trial. A recent decision of the Alberta Court of Queen's Bench reinforces the need for settlement offers.  In Richmond v. Panther Industries , a long-service salesperson...

Free Speech, Editorial Freedom, and Job Losses

Recently, the world of sports journalism has had a couple of controversial staffing decisions.  The highest profile decision, at least in Canada, was Don Cherry's ouster from Sportsnet after making controversial comments about immigrants. Slightly lower profile was Barry Petchesky, who was Acting Editor in Chief of Deadspin, until he was dismissed two weeks ago, allegedly, for refusing to "stick to sports" . These have set off firestorms about the state of free speech.  To be clear, I have no meaningful information about the terms and conditions of Cherry's or Petchesky's relationships with their respective organizations - were they employees or contractors?  Unionized?  What did the contracts say? While it's conceivable that a contract could contain terms to the contrary, this article will assume the general proposition, that a media organization is entitled to control its own content, and will explore the extent to which principles of free speech and ...

Charter Rights and Universality

There's a piece published on CBC News Opinion this week, arguing that Canada should invoke the notwithstanding clause to facilitate the prosecution of returning ISIS fighters.  The piece is authored by Brian Cox, a former US military lawyer and prosecutor, currently at Queen's Law as a visiting scholar. And his suggestion is one that ought to be rejected out of hand. Put briefly, he's arguing that the self-imposed constraints on our domestic legal system shouldn't impact our prosecution of offences that are committed overseas; that carrying out prosecutions under the auspices of those constraints makes these prosecutions unduly difficult; and that the protections aren't necessary when it relates to offences committed outside the country, because the kinds of government overreach against which the Charter protects aren't really concerns when we're talking about overseas conduct. The argument is specious, for a few reasons, but the one of the most impor...

A Different Type of Forfeiture Case

Last week, the Ontario Court of Appeal released its decision in Manastersky v. Royal Bank of Canada . Mr. Manastersky was entitled to an 18 month notice period, and the appeal turned on certain entitlements under a variable compensation plan known as the 'Mezzanine Carried Interest Plan', in which he participated for the last ~9 years of his employment. The Mezzanine CIP is complicated.  If I'm understanding it correctly, RBC established two investment funds under the plan, and allocated a certain number of 'points' to Mr. Manastersky, which would result in entitlements based on the growth of those funds over time.  The plan also contemplated the possible establishment of a third fund after the investment period for the first two ended - which, under the terms of the plan, would begin automatically, unless otherwise terminated by RBC. Mr. Manastersky was dismissed in February 2014, when the second fund was approaching the end of its investment period.  Around ...

Interim Interim Employment Injunctions

In a recent decision from the Alberta Court of Queen's Bench, Justice Mah dealt with an unusual scenario : Last year, Orbis Engineering Field Services was sold, in a share transaction, to Spark Power Corp.  Its former principal and CEO, Mr. Kassam, was kept on as an employee until he was dismissed at the end of April, 2019. In the same time frame, a number of other Orbis employees departed, and some of them set up a competing business, Taifa Engineering Ltd.  Among them, Mr. Saleh actually set up the business (including certain preparatory steps while he was still at Orbis, which would not generally be improper); Mr. Mohamed, who was involved in the initial setup of the corporation, but claims that he renounced his shares and directorship shortly after incorporation and well before Taifa began doing business, and has had no connection with the corporation since that time (though he was dismissed by Orbis after Taifa began operating); Mr. Steyn, who resigned his employment ...

The Ongoing Impact of a Revoked Resignation

A broken engagement had some unfortunate unforeseen consequences to a woman who was wrongfully dismissed, seven years later. The Facts Ms. Theberge-Lindsay was employed on a continuous basis in the dental office in Stoney Plain, Ontario, as a dental hygienist, from 1993 to 2012, before she was dismissed without cause. In or about 1999, the employer restructured and had her sign an employment agreement with a management services corporation. She received nothing but continued employment for that signature, and there was no change to her duties. In March 2005, she provided the employer a notice of resignation, effective July 5, 2005, because she had become engaged and intended to relocate to Guelph, where she had obtained replacement employment. In May, the engagement ended, and she advised her boss that she intended to stay. The only statement in either decision about the employer's response to that was that the Plaintiff testified that he "was pleased to hear it as he did ...